Poems Niederngasse
World War III Index

Poems of World War III
Charles Levenstein

 
Notes on the “Soul of Socialism”
 
1.    My father was a childhood immigrant from Latvia who, after three years in elementary school in New York City, became a delivery boy and learned every corner of his adopted town.  He was in the artillery in the First World War, served in France, never wanted to see Europe again. He lived on the Lower East Side, voted for Debs, became an electrician and finally joined the union when its doors opened to Jews.  He was a modern man, insisted on English in the house.  My mother loved his frameless glasses, his wit and intelligence, his modern-ness – left her own immigrant parents (from Kiev) in Philadelphia to marry him, have four children and make a life in NYC.  When he died in the 1970’s, my oldest brother – Republican, one-star general in star wars mufti – spoke of Pop’s commitment to the working class, to his union and to his fellow workers.  When the rabbi asked me what I had learned from the old man, I replied, “Don’t expect no tips.”
 
2.    One of my former students, a Mexican physician and activist, was the first in her family to get a university degree – the only one in her generation.  Her father was a leader of the sugar workers union in an impoverished province – and she decided to do her research on the impact of privatization on the sugar workers and their communities.  The picture she painted at her dissertation defense was devastating –  massive layoffs, work intensification, a heart attack during harvest season that brought the workers to her door – not to mention increased air pollution, deterioration of roads and public services.  And all the deals had been cut, the current leader of the union, already tied to the dominant political party, further enhanced his political career.  At the end of the presentation of the details of “hegemony”, I asked: So there’s nothing much to be done in this situation, right?  Blanca blanched – What do you mean?  Well, if all the avenues for potential change have been blocked, there’s not much point in continuing to work with the sugar workers --?  That’s ridiculous, she said, of course I will continue to serve these workers!
 
3.    When God died, sometime in the mid-sixties, I watched my Christian friends scramble to save something from the tradition in which they had been schooled – leaving out the Crusades, the Inquisition and various European religious wars, not to mention quasi-imperialist missionary work.  Going back to the accounts of original Jesus, they extracted principles they liked and proclaimed themselves Christian atheists.  I think they invented liberation theology as well, which got some in great trouble when applied in difficult locations.  In 1968, when the illness of “actually existing socialism” was signaled by events in Prague, later confirmed by the purging of the “Gang of Four (or Five)” in Beijing, and finally diagnosed as fatal in 1989, the search in earnest for the principles of socialism – rather than utopian ends – became essential.  The triumphant bells of the market have drowned out this discussion, however, and the despair of left intellectuals, taken in by Thatcher’s slogan, “There is no alternative”, defined the last decade of the last century.  The collapse of the apartheid government in South Africa gave some hope – which  has dissipated as the global neo-liberal strategy encircled, constrained – some say, swallowed the new regime. 
 
4.   A friend from Latin America told me that left-wing intellectuals were in despair when Allende was overthrown and killed.  Their hopes for peaceful transition to more humane societies had been dashed.  The worker organizations, he said, were of a different mind:  They were saddened by the death of an esteemed comrade and by the political loss – but their struggles had not changed, they were still confronted by the same oppressive regimes, by the same exploitative employers, by the un-altered dreadful living and working conditions.  The intellectuals were confronted with difficult tasks of reconstructing theory, re-examining material conditions, considering new configurations of power and economy.  The workers had fewer choices – their struggle emerged from real day-to-day suffering.
 
5.    In 1982 I participated in a whirlwind tour of five cities in China.  I was one of a group of occupational health and safety researchers and practitioners – the first delegation of the sort of many years.  In each city we held conferences with Chinese counterparts, gave lectures, listened to assessments of the workers’ situation – and were treated to wonderful banquets and entertainment.  We also traveled across the countryside and had some glimpses of the primitive state of technology – and of loving conditions – in rural areas.  But most important for me throughout the trip was meeting public health workers and professors who had suffered through the years of the Cultural Revolution, not permitted to engage in their regular work in the universities or in the urban public health agencies – sent to labor in distant provinces at great personal cost.  Yes, here was a middle-aged physician telling us about how much she had learned about agricultural hazards.  And here were her colleagues who had picked up their work again – still committed to the health of workers, still hopeful that they could train another generation of committed professionals .  At one point, in Shanghai, I talked with a biostatistician who had been learning about cost-benefit analysis from an American health policy expert who had visited recently.  He showed me an analysis of a vaccination program, demonstrating its great benefits compared with the minimal costs.  I asked him what he would have said if the results had been reversed.  He was not sure what I meant.  I explained that in the U.S. such tools were used for the purpose of making decisions – if the vaccination program had not proved to be cost-beneficial, the analyst might very well recommend against the program.  He replied: You must understand – that is inconceivable.  This is a socialist country.
 
6.    In the mid-1980’s, a lawyer-friend and I spent long hours writing policy papers and resolutions for the American Public Health Association.  He had found an article on socialist principles of risk in a critical legal studies journal – I can’t remember the author – and we tried to infuse papers on victim compensation and the “right to know” with what we argued were commonly held public health principles – ideas about individual autonomy, community, equality.  But, to tell the truth, there was no argument.  Everything we wrote was adopted by the Governing Council – apparently the principles espoused were eternal verities, non-controversial.  I just picked up an old volume by Rawls on “fairness” – and was reminded that political philosophy was no way to talk about the soul of socialism, nor other theological matters.
 
7.    Mike Bloy was the Protestant chaplain at MIT years ago.  He was the one who said to me that literature was the appropriate vehicle for discussing and debating matters of faith.  Once I sailed with him on Penobscot Bay and learned about the vigor and competence of poetry – this, alongside political economy and social struggle.  He wrote about Ignazio Silone’s novels – Bread and Wine, Seed Beneath the Snow – and was intrigued by the notion: “the practice of the human presence.”
 
8.    Marian Y., then assistant director of our group at Urban Planning Aid in  1969-70 told us (relative youngsters at the time) that she had known two kinds of socialists – those who were radicals because they loved the people and those who mainly “hated the enemy”.  The latter, she said, were too willing to sacrifice the people to get at the enemy.  I remember the Che poster we displayed – Ridiculous as it may seem, the true revolutionary is motivated by feelings of love – or something like that.
 
9.    At risk of seeming an incorrigible romantic, the socialism I love comes from the gut, not the brain.  I don’t know if it is reasonable to call this “soul”; I know that for me, there is no alternative.

Guantanamo
 
The moral bubble in which I dwell,
Blown high by frivolous deity,
Even as it floats resembles hell
Despite the Western winds of piety.
 
The purpose of a prison
in U.S. occupied Cuba,
a place neither here nor there,
is to avoid the Geneva Conventions
while maintaining the impression
that the U.S., my home,
is a civilized, legitimate society.
 
Guantanamo;
We cannot sit at the table,
proclaim innocence;
We cannot say,
We did not know.
 
As we all know, the prisons
of the U.S. are no picnic,
so if our Government is inclined
to hide its doings in Cuba,
are we people of such small imagination
that we believe these Afghan prisoners
are coddled with pizza, double pepperoni
and crab salad?  What do we maniacs think
is going on there!
 
I smell the stench of Crusade;
let us not say, we cannot say,
We did not know.
 
I will tear my balloon skin
like a medieval flagellant,
I scream fear and self-loathing:
The plague is upon us.
There is no excuse for torture.
And no forgiveness.

Charles Levenstein is a contributing editor for Poems Niederngasse.